An Illustrated Checklist

of

Recent Conidae

Roberti Richard to zylmanae Petuch



abbas Hwass to cylindraceus Broderip & Sowerby - page 1
dalli Stearns to lizarum Raybaudi & Da Motta - p. 2
locumtenens Blumenbach to ritae Petuch - p. 3

Schooner Home Page  





Conus roberti Richard 2009   (Image from the original description, courtesy George Richard)
A species within the mazei-complex; very close to Conus mcgintyi Pilsbry 1955

Distribution: Guadeloupe, French Antilles
Maximum size: 51.2 mm



Conus roeckeli Rolán 1980   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Boavista Island Cape Verde
Maximum size: 23.2 mm

Conus roeckeli Rolán 1980   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus roeckeli Rolán 1980   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus rolani Röckel 1986  (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Taiwan to Philippines, New Guinea, Indonesia
Maximum size: 70 mm

Conus rolani Röckel 1986..53.5 mm...Japan   (Image Schooner)
Conus rolani Röckel 1986   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



? Conus (Purpuriconus) rosalindensis (Petuch 1998)   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Filmer: a valid species or possibly a form of Conus cardinalis Hwass 1792; smooth shell with a high polish; spire low, shoulder sharply angled, coronated with 14-16 knobs per whorl; shell color dark orange tan with a broad blue-white mid-body band which is overlaid with scattered large dark tan patches and numerous closely packed brown longitudinal flammules; spire orange-tan with large white patches and numerous flammules; protoconch and early whorls bright red; aperture pinkish-purple -

Distribution: Nicaragua, Honduras
Maximum size: 26 mm

Conus (Purpuriconus) rosalindensis {Petuch 1998)   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



? Conus rosemaryae Petuch 1990 - Rosemary's Cone  (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- Filmer: a valid species or possibly a form of Conus garciae da Motta, 1982
- According to Tucker: a synonym of Conus philippii Kiener 1845
Extremely pyriform shell, turnip shaped with concave whorls; body whorl polished and shiny with numerous low threads; spire whorls smooth; body whorl white overlaid with bright yellow-orange flammules; spire whorls overlaid with scattered large yellow-orange patches and flammules; anterior tip of the shell pale orange; protoconch and early whorls orange; aperture white.

Distribution: Caribbean Panama Nicaragua
Maximum size: 25 mm



? Conus roseorapum Raybaudi & da Motta 1990  (Image Paul Kersten)
- RKK see it as a form of Conus recluzianus Bernardi 1853. We (both of us) disagree: it is too consistantly different from recluzianus to be simply a form. There is no intergradation between the two.

(Conus (Rhizoconus) gloriakiiensis (Kuroda & Ito 1961)) - A synonym. Dealers often confuse this matter.

Distribution: Philippines, S. China Sea
Maximum size
: 80 mm

Conus roseorapum Raybaudi & da Motta 1990   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus roseorapum Raybaudi & da Motta 1990...40 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus roseorapum Raybaudi & da Motta 1990   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus roseorapum Raybaudi & da Motta 1990...47 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus roseorapum Raybaudi & da Motta 1990...40 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)



Conus royaikeniVeldsman 2010 Roi Aiken's Cone
A species closely related to Conus natalis Sowerby II 1858

Distribution: Southern Kwazulu, South Africa
Maximum size: 61,9 mm



Conus rufimaculosus Macpherson 1959. Red Stained Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: East Australia
Maximum size: 50 mm

Conus rufimaculosus Macpherson 1959..35 mm...Australia.  (Image Schooner)
Conus rufimaculosus Macpherson 1959...36-37mm...Australia   (Image Schooner)
Conus rufimaculosus Macpherson 1959   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus rutilus Menke 1843 - Burnished Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: South Australia
Maximum size: 15 mm

Conus rutilus Menke 1843   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus (Leptoconus) saecularis Melvill 1898   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: W. Thailand, N.E. Malaysia, Ryukyus, Philippines, Solomon Is., New Guinea
Maximum size: 40 mm

Conus saecularis Melvill 1898   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus saecularis Melvill 1898...20mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus saecularis Melvill 1898   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



(?? Conus sagarinoi Fenzan 2004 )   (Image from Bill Fenzan) - A synonym of terryni Tenorio 2004. The latter will probably end up having priority over sagarinoi -

Distribution: Aliguay Philippines
Maximum size : 31,5 mm



Conus sagei Korn & G. Raybaudi Massilia 1993  (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Gulf of Aden
Maximum size : 8.7 mm

Conus sagei Korn & G. Raybaudi Massilia 1993   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus sahlbergi da Motta & Harland 1986   (Image Paul Kersten)
- According to Tucker: a synonym of Conus magellanicus Hwass 1792
-Shell small with a depressed conic spire; roseate protoconch; smooth; body whorl is smooth and glossy with angulate, sharply keeled shoulder sides are flat and tapering with about six sulci at the basal end; polymorphic shell, body whorl solid coloured, mostly orange or yellow, also white, purple and greenish tan; spire more faintly tinted; a band of a row of distinctly connected blotches of a light tint; aperture same colour as body whorl.

Distribution: Bahamas
Maximum size: 19 mm



Conus salreiensis Rolán 1980   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Boavista Island Cape Verde
Maximum size: 25.7 mm

Conus salreiensis Rolán 1980...20 to 21 mm...Cape Verde   (Image Schooner)
Conus salreiensis Rolán 1980   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus salzmanni Raybaudi & Rolán 1997   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Protoconch with 1.75 to 2 whorls; body whorl smooth; light brown dots forming spiral bands; flammules on the spire.

Distribution: Somalia Gulf of Aden
Maximum size: 39 mm



Conus sanderi Wils & Moolenbeek 1979   (Image Paul Kersten)
- This species is often called:

(Conus carioca Petuch 1986) - a junior synonym.

Distribution: Barbados, Surinam, E. Brazil
Maximum size: 57 mm

Conus sanderi Wils & Moolenbeek 1979   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus sanguinolentus Quoy & Gaimard 1834  (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indo-Pacific
Maximum size: 45 mm

Conus sanguinolentus Quoy & Gaimard 1834  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus sanguinolentus Quoy & Gaimard 1834  (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus saragasae Rolán 1986   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Sao Vicente Island and Santa Luzia Island, Cape Verde
Maximum size: 25 mm

See also: http://www.gastropods.com/7/Shell_11137.html

Conus saragasae Rolán 1986   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus sartii Korn Niederhöfer & Röckel 2004 - holotype   (From a web page on the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart site)
- Last body whorl ventricosely conical; shoulder angulated; body whorl with deep incised lines; colour of the body white brown to dark brown blotches and flammules; also on spire apex white; spire concave.

Distribution: Madagascar
Maximum size: 25 mm

See also: http://www.gastropods.com/5/Shell_27265.html



Conus sauros Garcia 2006 - Holotype and paratype   (Image from the original description)
- Teleoconch of 8 whorls, whorls shouldered, carinated, suture deep, protoconch whitish, axial sculpture of numerous arched threads on shoulder, evanescing at carina, last whorl with numerous relatively wide, low, flat axial threads, threads becoming weaker and narrower when crossing spiral cords, spiral sculpture of two to four strong threads posterior to carina, creating reticulations at shoulder when crossing over axial elements, threads followed by a heavy, nodulose, otherwise smooth cord and one or two undulating threads anterior to carina, last whorl with flat, evenly distributed spiral cords, cords as wide as interspaces, minutely wrinkled bu axial threads; colour light cream

Distribution: Western Gulf of Mexico: Louisiana to Mexico
Maximum size: 30 mm



Conus (Rhizoconus) sazanka Shikama 1970 - Sazanka's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Japan, Philippines, E. Indonesia, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Hawaii, Natal S. Africa, Réunion, Madagascar, Somalia
Maximum size: 50 mm

Conus sazanka Shikama 1970   Yellow form   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus sazanka Shikama 1970...43 mm....Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus sazanka Shikama 1970...21 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus sazanka Shikama 1970  A violet coloured specimen  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus sazanka Shikama 1970   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



(Conus scabriusculus Dillwyn, 1817) - A junior synonym of Conus coffeae Gmelin 1791; See there.



? Conus scalaris Valenciennes 1832   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Regarded by some authors (Kohn and J. Tucker (pers. comm.- Kersten)) as a form of Conus gradatus Wood 1828.

Distribution: Baja California Mexico - Acapulco Mexico
Maximum size: 50 mm

Conus scalaris Valenciennes 1832...50.5 mm...Mexico   (Image Schooner)



Conus scalptus Reeve 1843   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)

Distribution: S. Philippines, Papua New Guinea
Maximum size: 50 mm



(Conus schepmani Fulton 1936) - synonym of Conus comatosa Pilsbry 1904; See there.


Conus schirrmeisteri Coltro 2004   (Image Paul Kersten)
- status disputed; Filmer: valid; Tucker a synonym of Conus iansa Petuch 1979: a very small shell; body with a strong deflection, nodulose spire with about ten irregular white or brown nodules on the shoulder; suture with white and brown cord; body whorl with incised lines; aperture wide with a fine white margin; colour body whorl dark red-brown with irregular white blotches and dots.

Distribution: Brazil
Maximum size: 11 mm




Conus (Profundiconus) scopulicola (Okutani 1972)   (Image Gene Mallory's Site)

Distribution: S.E. Honshu Japan
Maximum size: 22 mm



Conus scopulorum Van Mol Tursch & Kempf 1971   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)

Distribution: Brazil: Para Ceara Atol das Rocas Fernando de Noronha Rio Grande do Norte (According to the Malocolog site)
Maximum size: 26 mm



Conus (Leptoconus) sculletti (Marsh 1962) - Scullett's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: E. Australia
Maximum size: 60 mm

Conus sculletti (Marsh 1962)...38mm....Australia    (Image Schooner)
Conus sculletti (Marsh 1962)...35 to 40 mm...Australia   (Image Schooner)
Conus sculletti (Marsh 1962)   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus sculpturatus Röckel & da Motta 1985   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Philippines
Maximum size: 44 mm

Conus sculpturatus Röckel & da Motta 1985   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus sculpturatus Röckel & da Motta 1985   (Image Alexander Medvedev)



Conus segravei Gatliff 1891 - A form of Conus clarus Smith 1881; See there.



(Conus selectus Adams, A., 1855) (nomen oblitum - invalid synonym of kerstitchi Walls, 1978;  See there -)



Conus selenae Van Mol Tursch & Kempf 1967   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Brazil
Maximum size: 20 mm

Conus selenae Van Mol Tursch & Kempf 1967   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus selenae Van Mol Tursch & Kempf 1967   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus sennottorum Rehder & Abbott 1951   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- According to Tucker: a synonym of Conus philippii Kiener 1845

Distribution: W Florida USA, Yucatan Mexico
Maximum size: 47 mm

Conus sennottorum Rehder & Abbott 1951   (Image Dream Shells)
Conus sennottorum Rehder & Abbott 1951   (Image Dream Shells)


? Conus sennottorum gibsonsmithorum Petuch 1986   (Image Paul Kersten)
-Described as a valid species; Regarded by most as a subspecies, but according to Filmer a form; Shell turnip-shaped; body whorl smooth and shiny with anterior one-third having heavily grooving and thick spiral cords; shoulder sharp edged; shell pale-cream-yellow with a pale tan band around middle; spire pale yellow becoming tan on early whorls.

Distribution: Columbia, Venezuela
Maximum size: 24 mm

? Conus sennottorum gibsonsmithorum Petuch 1986   (Image from Eddie Hardy's Site)

See also: http://shell.kwansei.ac.jp/~shell/pic_book/data31/r003035.html



Conus serranegrae Rolán 1990   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Sal Island, Cape Verde
Normal size: 18 mm


Conus serranegrae Rolán 1990   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus serranegrae Rolán 1990...12 to 14mm....Cape Verde   (Image Schooner)
Conus serranegrae Rolán 1990...14 mm....Cape Verde   (Image Schooner)
Conus serranegrae Rolán 1990   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus sertacinctus Röckel 1986   (Image Paul Kersten)

(Conus solomonensis Delsaerdt 1993) - A synonym, some other believe it is valid

Distribution: Philippines, S. India, Flores, Solomons
Maximum size: 40 mm

Conus sertacinctus Röckel 1986   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus sertacinctus Röckel 1986   A dark colored specimen from the Solomon population  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus sertacinctus Röckel 1986   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus sertacinctus Röckel 1986   (Image Michel Jolivet)



Conus sharmiensis Wils, E. 1986 - a form of Conus parvatus Walls 1979; See there.



Conus shikamai Coomans Moolenbeek & Wils 1985

Distribution: Taiwan to Philippines, Indonesia.
Maximum size: 70 mm

Conus shikamai Coomans Moolenbeek & Wils 1985    (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus shikamai Coomans Moolenbeek & Wils 1985...52 to 54 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus shikamai Coomans Moolenbeek & Wils 1985...50 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)



(Conus sibogae Schepman 1913) - synonym of Conus lizardensis Crosse 1865; See there.



Conus sieboldii Reeve 1848 - Siebold's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Japan & Taiwan
Maximum size: 114.5 mm

Conus sieboldii Reeve 1848...76 mm...Japan    (Image Schooner)
Conus sieboldii Reeve 1848...64 mm...Japan    (Image Schooner)



??Conus simonis Bozzetti - Simone's Cone   Holotype  (Image Luigi Bozzetti )
This could turn up to be a color form of Conus nigropunctatus Sowerby II 1858

Distribution: South Eastern Madagascar
Maximum size: 26.50 mm

Conus simonis Bozzetti 2010 - Simone's Cone   Paratype  (Image Luigo Bozzetti)


- Conus sindon Reeve 1844 is a distinctive form of Conus omaria Hwass 1792 or Conus pennaceus Born 1778; See there.



Conus smirna Bartsch & Rehder 1943 - Smirna Cone  (Image from RKK)

Distribution: Hawaii and probably New Caledonia
Maximum size: 84 mm

Conus smirna Bartsch & Rehder 1943 - Smirna Cone  (Image Michel Jolivet)



(Conus soaresi Trovão; 1978) is a junior synonym of Conus cloveri Walls 1978; See there.



? Conus solangeae Bozzetti 2004   (Image Paul Kersten)
Status disputed: Filmer: valid or possibly a subspecies of Conus infrenatus Reeve 1848; or timorensis Hwass 1792
spire obconical, glossy,smooth and prominent protoconch; shoulder subangulate, convex sided on adapical third, straight above; carved suture with sloghtly and irregular wrinkled margin; concave subsutural ramp covered by thick radial streaks, last body whorl smooth with about 15 radial spiral bands at the base; colour body whorl, apex and aperture pink orange-salmon; siphonal fasciole whitish axial flammules at the last body whorl darker; colour pattern made up by spiral rows of alternate white and orange-salmon tending to form three strips; one below the shoulder, one below mid body, one and one at the base.

Distribution : Madagascar
Maximum size : 26.3 mm

? Conus solangeae Bozzetti 2004   (Image from the Coneshell Homepage of Mr. Paganelli)



Conus solomonensis Delsaerdt 1992   (Image Paul Kersten)
The status of this species is disputed. Some authors (Filmer) believe it is valid, others believe it is a form of Conus sertacinctus Röckel 1986

Distribution: Philippines, Solomon Islands
Maximum size: 40 mm

Conus sertacinctus Röckel 1986   A specimen from the Palawan population  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus sertacinctus Röckel 1986   A specimen from the Palawan population  (Image Paul Kersten)



(Conus sowerbii Reeve 1849) - synonym of Conus praecellens Adams 1854; See there.



(Conus sozoni Bartsch 1939) - synonym of Conus delessertii Recluz 1843; See there.


Conus speciosissimus Reeve 1848    (Image from Gene Mallory's Site) - Filmer: a valid species or a senior synonymof Conus jucundus Sowerby, 1887
- According to Tucker: a synonym of Conus cardinalis Hwass 1792



Conus spectrum Linnaeus 1758 - Specter Cone 70mm   (Image Paul Kersten)

(Conus spectrum lacteus Lamarck 1810) - A synonym(pure white form) of spectrum Linnaeus

Distribution: Indonesia to Philippines and Ryukyus to Australia and New Guinea
Maximum size: 80 mm

Conus spectrum Linnaeus 1758...50 mm...Tahiti   (Image Schooner)


Conus spectrum f. conspersus Reeve 1844   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A form with a yellow colour-;

Distribution: Philippines; Indonesia
Maximum size: 45 mm

Conus spectrum f. conspersus Reeve 1844...34mm...Australia   (Image Schooner)
Conus spectrum f. conspersus Reeve 1844   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)


Conus spectrum f. daphne Boivin 1864   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- A form with a ventricoely conical to ovate shape; solid yellow with fine brown lines on the last whorl; aperture yellowish pink.

Distribution: Indonesia
Maximum size: 35 mm


Conus spectrum f. dolium Boivin 1864 - image needed.
- Last whorl rather broad and ventricose, with large variably confluent orange-brown areas, spire remarkebly low; very similar to form pica Adams & Reeve.

Distribution: Philippines


Conus spectrum f. filamentosus Reeve 1849   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- A form.

Distribution: Philippines
Maximum size: 60 mm


(Conus spectrum lacteus Lamarck 1810)   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site - for informational use only)
- Known only from the holotype! ; probable subadult spectrum Linnaeus
- White shell with widely spaced spiral grooves, subangulate shoulder and relatively low spire.


Conus spectrum f. pica Adams & Reeve 1848 (Image Paul Kersten)
- A distinct variant living sympatric with the other forms; white shell with dark brown irregular blotches.

Distribution: E. Indies, Australia, Philippines
Maximum size: 42 mm

Conus spectrum f. pica Adams & Reeve 1848  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus spectrum f. pica Adams & Reeve 1848  (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus spectrumf. stillatus Reeve 1849 - Stillate Cone   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- A form with fine dark brown axial lines on the last whorl.

Distribution: Australia
Maximum size: 52.4 mm

Conus spectrum f. stillatus Reeve 1849...43 mm...Australia   (Image Schooner)
Conus spectrum f. stillatus Reeve 1849...41 mm...Australia   (Image Schooner)
Conus spectrum f. stillatus Reeve 1849...33 36mm...Australia   (Image Schooner)
Conus spectrum f. stillatus Reeve 1849   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus sphacelatus Sowerby II, 1833   (Image Paul Kersten)
- synonym of Conus magellanicus Hwass 1792 or Conus jucundus Sowerby III 1887 according to Tucker; valid according to Filmer

Distribution: Caribbean: Jamaica
Maximum size: 19 mm



Conus spiceri Bartsch & Rehder 1943 is a subspecies of Conus coelinae Crosse 1858; See there.


Conus spiculum Reeve, 1849 is a synonym (juvenile) of Conus generalis Linnaeus, 1767 or possibly a valid species; the holotype seems to be quite different from what is currently sold as spiculum



Conus spirofilis Habe & Kosuge 1970   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Japan to Philippines
Maximum size: 37 mm

Conus spirofilis Habe & Kosuge 1970...19 to 20 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus spirofilis Habe & Kosuge 1970...16 to 18 mm...Philippines    (Image Schooner)



Conus splendidulus Sowerby 1833 - Clay Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Aden, N. Somalia, Laccadives
Maximum size: 70 mm

Conus splendidulus Sowerby 1833  (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus sponsalis Hwass 1792 - Marriage Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indo-Pacific
Maximum size: 32 mm

Conus sponsalis Hwass 1792   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)


Conus sponsalis f. nanus Sowerby 1833   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A colour form (despite its name!): pattern on the last whorl reduced to a few flecks and a small number of dotted or dashed lines or completely immaculate; ground colour with a distinct blue shade.

Distribution: Indo-Pacific
Maximum size: 34 mm

Conus sponsalis f. nanus Sowerby 1833   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus sponsalis nux Broderip 1833 - Nut Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Now regarded as a valid species - See main entry.



Conus spurius Gmelin 1791 - West Indian Alphabet Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Spire low to very low; smooth, polished; body whorl many sipral rows of small square dashes with usually an upper and lower band of splotches of colour, sometimes covering a large area, sometimes almost absent; usually a middle band of plain dashes; colour usually bright orange-brown, sometimes very dark reddish-brown and black-brown.

(Conus proteus Hwass 1792) - synonym of Conus spurius Gmelin 1791.

Distribution: Caribbean
Maximum size: 104 mm

Conus spurius Gmelin 1791...82 mm...Curacao   (Image Schooner)
Conus spurius Gmelin 1791...79mm...Venezuela   (Image Schooner)
Conus spurius Gmelin 1791...59 mm...Florida   (Image Schooner)
Conus spurius Gmelin 1791...56& 57mm...Pine Is. Sound    (Image Schooner)
Conus spurius Gmelin 1791...47.5 mm...Columbia   (Image Schooner)


?? Conus spurius arubaensis Nowell-Usticke G.W. 1968    (Image Paul Kersten)
- Probably synonymous with baylei Jousseaume 1872 (a subspecies of Conus spurius Gmelin 1791 below), or at best a local population; low spire, concave body narrower with almost straight sides; body whorl smooth with very fine growth lines and weak spirals; about 15 rows of squarish patches and double rows of "characters"; about 4 or 5 dotted rows; colour red-brown or mahogany -

Distribution: Believe it or not, Aruba

?? Conus spurius arubaensis Nowell-Usticke G.W. 1968    (Image Paul Kersten)  A yellow specimen


Conus spurius atlanticus Clench 1942 - Chinese Alphabet Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A subspecies; spire low, but bigger than spurius and with a sharp high point; body whorl rather dull; dots and dashes appear thicker; colour dull orange-red to dark red-brown.

Distribution: Florida - Eastern Venezuela
Maximum size: 80 mm

Conus spurius atlanticus Clench 1942...62 mm...Florida    (Image Schooner)
Conus spurius atlanticus Clench 1942...54 mm...Florida   (Image Schooner)


Conus spurius aureofasciatus Rehder & Abbott 1951 - Gold Banded Cone   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- A subspecies.

Distribution: Yucatan Mexico
Maximum size: 104 mm


Conus spurius baylei Jousseaume F.P. 1872   (Image Eddie Hardy's Site)
- A subspecies.

Distribution: Netherlands Antilles, Venezuela
Maximum size: 55 mm

Conus spurius baylei Jousseaume F.P. 1872   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site, as f. arubaensis)


Conus spurius lorenzianus Dillwyn 1817 - Lorenz's Cone   (Image from Paul Kersten)
- A subspecies with red brown regular dots.

(Conus spurius phlogopus Tomlin 1937) - A synonym of lorenzianus Dillwyn 1817, which is a subspecies of spurius Gmelin 1791.

(Conus undatus Kiener 1845) - synonym of Conus lorenzianus Dillwyn 1817 (a subspecies of Conus spurius Gmelin 1791

Distribution: Florida - Eastern Venezuela
Maximum size: 80 mm

Conus spurius lorenzianus Dillwyn 1817...55.5 mm...E. Columbia    (Image Schooner)
Conus spurius lorenzianus Dillwyn 1817...51 to 53 mm   (Image Schooner)
Conus spurius lorenzianus Dillwyn 1817...42 to 51 mms...Panama    (Image Schooner)


Conus spurius f. ochraceus Lamarck 1810   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- A colour form of spurius: body whorl covered with bright orange to orange-red big blotches and sparse white body colour -

Distribution
: Caribbean
Maximum size: 75 mm

See also: http://www.gastropods.com/7/Shell_8527.html



?Conus stanfieldi Petuch 1988 - Stanfield's Cone (Image Paul Kersten)
- According to Tucker: a synonym of Conus cardinalis Hwass 1792

Distribution: Bahamas



Conus stearnsii Conrad 1869 - Stearn's Dusky Cone ...(Image Paul Kersten)
- Regarded by Filmer as a valid species; some authors (Tucker) consider it as a form of Conus jaspideus Gmelin 1791.

Distribution: E. Florida USA - Yucatan Mexico
Maximum size: 25 mm



Conus stercusmuscarum Linnaeus 1758 - Fly Spec Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Western Pacific: Japan to Marshall Is., New Guinea and Solomon Islands
Maximum size: 65 mm

Conus stercusmuscarum...Linnaeus 1758...61 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus stercusmuscarum...Linnaeus 1758...48 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus stercusmuscarum...Linnaeus 1758   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus stimpsoni Dall 1902 - Stimpson's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: E. Florida to Colombia
Maximum size: 52 mm

Conus stimpsoni Dall 1902   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus stocki Coomans & Moolenbeek 1990   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Gulf of Oman, Masirah Is., Pakistan
Maximum size: 45 mm

Conus stocki Coomans & Moolenbeek 1990   (Image Alexander Medvedev)



Conus stramineus Lamarck 1810 - Misus Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Last whorl ventricosely conical; low spire; body whorl with radial streaks and blotches; aperture light to dark or brownish violet

Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea, Solomon Is.
Maximum size: 60 mm

Conus stramineus Lamarck 1810   a specimen from Indonesia   (Image Paul Kersten)


? Conus stramineus mulderi Fulton 1936   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Regarded by most as a subspecies; Last whorl conoid-cylindrical; moderately high spire; body whorl with reddish to dark brown radial streaks and blotches; aperture light to dark or brownish violet with an orange-brown collabral band;

Distribution: Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Solomons
Maximum size: 52 mm

Conus stramineus mulderi Fulton 1936...38 mm...Philippines    (Image Schooner)
Conus stramineus mulderi Fulton 1936...32 - 35 mm...Philippines    (Image Schooner)
Conus stramineus mulderi Fulton 1936   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus striatellus Link 1807- Striatellus Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

(Conus lictor Boivin 1864) - a synonym

Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Natal to Red Sea to Japan and Fiji
Maximum size: 70.5 mm

Conus striatellus Link 1807  Form called lictor  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus striatellus Link 1807....70 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus striatellus Link 1807...58 mm...Philippines    Conus striatellus Link 1807   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus striatus Linnaeus 1758 - Striate Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Last whorl narrowly conoid-cylindrical to conoid-cylindrical, narrowly cylindrical to cylindrical, or ventricosely conical to ovate.

Distribution: S. Africa to Red Sea Hawaii and French Polynesia
Maximum size: 129.3 mm

Conus striatus Linnaeus 1758...118.5 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus striatus Linnaeus 1758...102mm....Indonesia   (Image Schooner)
Conus striatus Linnaeus 1758...96 & 100 mm...Indonesia   (Image Schooner)
Conus striatus Linnaeus 1758....80 mm...Philippines.  (Image Schooner)
Conus striatus Linnaeus 1758...69 78 85 & 97 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus striatus Linnaeus 1758...65 mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)
Conus striatus Linnaeus 1758....61 to 67 mm...Tanzania   (Image Schooner)


Conus striatus f. chusaki Da Motta 1978 - A form or synonym   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus striatus f. floridus Sowerby II 1858 - Floridus Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A form with a white ground colour, last whorl clouded or spirally banded with shades of pink, brown or violet; last whorl usually ovate.

(Conus chusaki da Motta 1978) - A synonym of striatus f. floridus Sowerby II 1858, as recognised by Da Motta in 1995.

Distribution: W. Thailand
Maximum size: 105 mm

Conus striatus f. floridus Sowerby II 1857...66.5mm...India   (Image Schooner)
Conus striatus f. floridus Sowerby II 1857 ...70.4 mm...India   (Image Schooner)
Conus striatus f. floridus Sowerby II 1857 ...68.5 mm...India   (Image Schooner)
Conus striatus f. floridus Sowerby II 1857   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus striatus f. subfloridus da Motta 1985...70 mm...India   (Image Schooner)
- A form with a white ground colour, variably suffused with pale purple to to bluish violet; pattern usually sparse, ocassionally absent; shape is nominate.

Distribution: India, Thailand, Sri Lanka
Maximum size: 76,5 mm


Conus striatus f. subfloridus da Motta 1985...58 mm...India   (Image Schooner)



Conus striolatus Kiener 1845 (Image Paul Kersten)
The nominate form is a shell like the left one on the picture: whitish and lacking the olive clouds on the last whorl

Distribution: W. Thailand to Micronesia, Taiwan to Queensland
Maximum size: 76 mm


?? Conus striolatus f. decurtata Dautzenberg 1910   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Status of this form is very unsure.

Distribution: W. Thailand - Micronesia, Taiwan - Queensland
Maximum size: 46 mm

Conus striolatus f. decurtata Dautzenberg 1910...31.5-34 mm...Solomon Islands   (Image Schooner)
Conus striolatus f. decurtata Dautzenberg 1910   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus (Embrikena) stupa (Kuroda 1956)  (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Philippines, Japan, Solomons, Loyalty Islands
Maximum size: 100 mm

Conus (Embrikena) stupa (Kuroda 1956)   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



? Conus (Embrikena) stupella (Kuroda 1956) - Stupella Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A valid species or possibly a form of Conus stupa Kuroda 1956 -

Distribution: Japan to Taiwan Philippines
Maximum size: 97.8 mm



(Conus subaequalis Sowerby III 1870) - synonym of Conus praecellens Adams 1854; See there.



Conus subulatus Kiener 1845 - Subulate Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Philippines, Solomon Is., W. Thailand
Maximum size: 46 mm

Conus subulatus Kiener 1845   (Image Alexander Medvedev)



Conus suduirauti G. Raybaudi 2004 - Suduiraut's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Last whorl conical to broadly conical; outline straight to slightly convex; spire high, stepped; larval shell smooth; last whorl with strongly beaded spiral ribs; colour of the last whorl white to pink-white with scattered reedish-brown spots; early teleoconch whorls white; sutural ramps with sparse radial streaks, later spire with reddish-brown spots; larval whorls pure white; aperture light yellow.

Distribution: Philippines and New Guinea
Maximum size: 20 mm

Conus suduirauti Raybaudi 2004   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus suduirauti Raybaudi 2004   (Image Michel Jolivet)



Conus sugimotonis Kuroda 1928   (Image Paul Kersten)

(Conus (Rhizoconus) vicdani (Lan T.C. 1978)   (Image (for informational purposes only) Paul Kersten) - A synonym.

(Conus sugimotonis whiteheadae da Motta 1985) - A synonym.

Distribution: Philippines, Queensland Australia, Coral Sea
Maximum size: 110 mm

Conus sugimotonis Kuroda 1928...71 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus sugimotonis Kuroda 1928...70 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus sugimotonis Kuroda 1928...85 mm...Australia    (Image Schooner)



Conus sukhadwalai Röckel & da Motta 1983   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: South India
Maximum size : 50 mm

Conus sukhadwalai Röckel & da Motta 1983   (Image Giancarlo Paganelli)
Conus sukhadwalai Röckel & da Motta 1983   (Image Michel Jolivet)



Conus sulcatus Hwass 1792 - Sulcate Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Japan, Taiwan & Philippines, Bay of Bengal, Indonesia, Melanesia to Fiji
Maximum size: 90 mm

Conus sulcatus Hwass 1792   Brown form  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus sulcatus Hwass 1792...60 mm...Philippines. (Image Schooner)


Conus sulcatus f. bocki Sowerby III 1881   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A nearly smooth and weakly sculptured form with a broad last whorl, strongly tuberculate shoulder, variable in body sculpture; brown coloured.

Distribution:W. Thailand, Philippines to Melanesia
Maximum size: 90 mm

Conus sulcatus f. bocki Sowerby III 1881   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus sulcatus f. bocki Sowerby III 1881...48mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus sulcatus f. bocki Sowerby III 1881...61.5 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus sulcatus f. bocki Sowerby III 1881...59mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus sulcatus f. bocki Sowerby III 1881...58mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)


Conus sulcatus f. brettinghami Coomans Moolenbeek & E.Wils 1982   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A light, smooth and weakly sculptured form with a narrower last whorl the upper half smooth, almost solid (light) brown and an undulate to weakly tuberculate shoulder -

Distribution: India, W. Thailand, Philippines
Maximum size: 71 mm


Conus sulcatus f. samiae da Motta 1982   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A very broad form; last whorl sculptured with broad, often pustulose spiral ribs or ribbons, grooves between axially striate and often containing 1-3 spiral threads; -

Distribution: Philippines and Solomon Islands
Maximum size: 65 mm

Conus sulcatus f. samiae da Motta 1982   Albino   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus sulcatus f. samiae da Motta 1982...53 to 55 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus sulcatus f. samiae da Motta 1982....36 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus sulcatus f. samiae da Motta 1982  (Image from Eddie Hardy's Site)



Conus sulcocastaneus Kosuge 1981   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Philippines, Marshall Islands
Maximum size: 50 mm

Conus sulcocastaneus.Kosuge 1981...58.5 mm...Philippines.  (Image Schooner)
Conus sulcocastaneus Kosuge 1981...50-53 mm...Philippines    (Image Schooner)
Conus sulcocastaneus Kosuge 1981...49 51 mm...Philippines.  (Image Schooner)
Conus sulcocastaneus Kosuge 1981...44 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)



Conus sunderlandi Petuch 1987   (Image Paul Kersten)
- According to Filmer valid
- According to Tucker a synonym of Conus philippii garciai Da Motta 1982
- Shoulder sharp angled; body whorl smooth and shiny, anterior tip with several strong spiral cords, shell colour white, overlaid with numerous closely packed rows of tiny, bright orange, vertical flammules, mid-body with a white band; anterior tip white, with few scattered orange flammules; spire whorls white with bright orange flammules; aperture white; Conus garciai and Conus sunderlandi were found together on different bottoms in Honduras, the first on muddy sand, the latter on coralline bottoms (Pers. Comm. Bruno Besse, PK).

Distribution: Caribbean Honduras
Maximum size: 33 mm



Conus suratensis Hwass 1792 - Suratan Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indo-Pacific: India to Queensland Australia
Maximum size: 150 mm

Conus suratensis Hwass 1792   Form with almost no pattern   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus suratensis Hwass 1792   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus suratensis Hwass 1792...113 mm...Phipippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus suratensis Hwass 1792...103 mms...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus suratensis Hwass 1792...97 & 94 mm...Philippines    (Image Schooner)



Conus sutanorcum Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet 2008   HOLOTYPE
- Filmer: a valid species or a synonym (form) of Conus segondensis Fenzan, 2008
- Shape conical to broadly ovate; protoconch glossy white, two nearly smooth tapering whorls; suture rather deep; colour white with irregular axial brown markings; last whorl with about 35 spiral cords which are narrower than the axially striated interspaces; on the basal part of the whorl the interspaces are about 5 times as broad as the cords; upper cords brown with now and then a white area in between, on lower cords the brown and white portions are nearly equal; base white; aperture rather slender, white with brown lines shining through the edge

Distribution: Fiji and probably Vanuatu
Maximum size: 29,7 mm

Conus sutanorcum Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet 2008   Paratypes



Conus suturatus Reeve 1844 - Violet Base Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: New Guinea, Australia
Maximum size: 46 mm

Conus suturatus Reeve 1844   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus suturatus Reeve 1844   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus suturatus sandwichensis Walls 1978 - Hawaiian Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A subspecies, but could be a valid species; similar pattern, except for mostly darker spiral bands on the last whorl, a pale orange-brown base and a usually maculated spire.

Distribution: Hawaiian Is.
Maximum size: 20 mm

Conus suturatus sandwichensis Walls 1978 - Hawaiian Cone   (Image Paul Kersten



Conus swainsoni Estival & Von Cosel 1986 - Swainson's Cone  (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: New Caledonia
Maximum size: 78 mm

Conus swainsoni Estival & Von Cosel 1986 - Swainson's Cone  Juvenile   (Image Michel Jolivet)<
This juvenlle shows that C. swainsoni differs from C. circumactus



Conus sydneyensis Sowerby 1887   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)

(Conus (Leptoconus) sydneyensis illawarra (Garrard 1961)) - A synonym.

Distribution: New South Wales Australia
Maximum size: 50 mm

See also: www.seashellsofnsw.org.au/Conidae/Images/2500-1.jpg. from the Seashell Club of Sydney website.

Conus sydneyensis Sowerby 1887   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus tabidus Reeve 1844   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: W. Africa including Cape Verde Islands
Normal size: 40 mm

Conus tabidus Reeve 1844 Senegal  (Image Schooner)
Conus tabidus Reeve 1844   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus tacomae Boyer & Pelorce 2009   Paratype   (Image Jacques Pelorce)

Distribution: Senegal
Normal size: about 30 mm



Conus taeniatus Hwass 1792 - Ringed Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Red Sea to Oman
Maximum size: 43 mm

Conus taeniatus Hwass 1792   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus tamikoae Shikama 1973 - A colour form of Conus kinoshitai Kuroda 1956; See there.



Conus taslei Kiener 1845 - Tasle's Cone  (Image Manuel Tenorio)

Distribution: South West Africa: Guineas and southern Senegal
Maximum size: 40 mm

Conus taslei Kiener 1845   (Image from Specimenshells.net site)
Conus taslei Kiener 1845  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus cf taslei Kiener 1845   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Very much similar to Conus taslei although locality (a bit) outside known range; who can help?

Conus taslei Kiener 1845<  (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus telatus Reeve 1848 - Philippine Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)/FONT>

Distribution: Southern Philippines
Maximum size: 85 mm

Conus telatus Reeve 1848...76 mm......Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus telatus Reeve 1848...61 mm...Philippines    (Image Schooner)
Conus telatus Reeve 1848...55-6 0mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus telatus Reeve 1848...40 mm...Philippines    (Image Schooner)


Conus telatus f. rugosus Lauer 1988   (Image Paul Kersten)
- The pustulated form. Sympatric.

Distribution: Philippines
Maximum size: 66.9 mm

Conus telatus f. rugosus Lauer 1988...49 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus telatus f. rugosus Lauer 1988   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus tenuilineatus Rolán & D. Röckel 2001  - holotype -   (Image Manuel Tenorio)

Distribution: Angola
Maximum size: 35 mm

Conus tenuilineatus Rolán & D. Röckel 2001   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus tenuilineatus Rolán & D. Röckel 2001   (Image Carlos Afonso)
Conus tenuilineatus Rolán & D. Röckel 2001 (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus tenuistriatus Sowerby 1858   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indian Ocean, Philippines to New Guinea, French Polynesia and Marshall Is.
Maximum size: 35 mm

Conus tenuistriatus Sowerby 1858...45 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus tenuistriatus Sowerby 1858...35 mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)



Conus teodorae Rolán & Fernandes 1990   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Boavista Island, Cape Verde
Maximum size: 25 mm

Conus teodorae Rolán & Fernandes 1990   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus teodorae Rolán & Fernandes 1990   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus (Endemoconus) teramachii (Kuroda 1956) - Teramachi's Cone  (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: East Africa to Japan, Taiwan, Islands north of New Zealand, Queensland and W. Australia
Maximum size: 110 mm

Conus teramachii (Kuroda 1956)...84.5 mm...Mozambique    (Image Schooner)


Conus teramachii f. neotorquatus da Motta 1985   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A regional form

Distribution: Madagascar to Somalia
Maximum size: 111 mm

Conus teramachii f. neotorquatus da Motta 1985   (Image from Eddie Hardy's site)

See also: http://www.bigai.ne.jp/pic_book/data28/r002764.html



Conus terebra Born 1778 - Terebra Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: E. Africa to Marquesas and Australia
Maximum size: 98 mm

Conus terebra Born 1778   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus terebra Born 1778...74 mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)


Conus terebra f. thomasi Sowerby III 1883   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A form from the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden; more smooth with weaker spiral ribs than the nominate.

Distribution : Red Sea to India



Conus terminus Lamarck 1810 - A pattern-form of Conus gubernator Lamarck 1810; See there.



Conus terryni Tenorio & Poppe 2004 - Terryn's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- This is the same species as sagarinoi Fenzan 2004 which description was published a little bit later; last whorl conoid-cylindrical; aperture wider at base than near shoulder; anterior tip is blunt and rounded colour of the body whorl is uniform straw-yellow/ ivory; body whorl covered with ribbons of pale brown spots; aperture white.

Distribution : Aliguay Island, Philippines
Maximum size : 31,5 mm

Conus terryni Tenorio & Poppe 2004 - Live taken specimen   (Image C & S Shell Cabinet)



Conus tessulatus Born 1778 - Tesselate Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indo-Pacific and E. Pacific region
Maximum size: 82.8 mm

Conus tessulatus Born 1778   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus tessulatus Born 1778   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus tessulatus Born 1778   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus tessulatus Born 1778    A specimen from the Sea of Cortez, Panama (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus tessulatus Born 1778   (Image Michel Jolivet)



Conus testudinarius Hwass 1792 - form of Conus ermineus Born 1778; See there.



(Conus tevesi Trovão 1978) - synonym of Conus musivus Kiener 1845; See there.



Conus textile Linnaeus 1758 - Cloth of Gold Cone    (Image Paul Kersten)
- Undoubtedly the world's most common cone, spanning the entire Indo-Pacific, except for the coast of the Americas. Fantastically variable, with many local and regional forms.

NOTE: For a wonderful gallery of forms and variants, see Andre Fontaine's intreaguing site: http://andrefontaine83.free.fr/Textile.htm - I can't say I agree with his designations 100% (Mayhew), but with a species this variable, this is not unexpected!!

(Conus textile tigrinus Sowerby 1857) - A synonym. (many other synonyms of course exist....)

Distribution: Indo-Pacific
Maximum size: 129.3 mm

Conus textile Linnaeus 1758  A minimal patterned form from Madagascar   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus textile Linnaeus 1758   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus textile f. archiepiscopus Hwass 1792   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Form with a fine reticulated pattern; ground colour white or blueish; last whorl ventricosely conical to ovate.

Distribution: - E. Africa similar patterned shells in Melanesia
Maximum size: 67 mm

Conus textile f. archiepiscopus Hwass 1792   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus textile f. auriger Röding P.1798   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- A weak form with a widely meshed pattern and a few yellowish brown blotches; last whorl ovate: looks much alike form verriculum.

Distribution: Indian Ocean
Maximum size: 88 mm


Conus textile f. cholmondeleyi Melvill 1900  (Image Paul Kersten)
- Form with variably dark brown axial lines; last whorl conoid-cylindrical to ovate.

Distribution: Zanzibar, Mozambique, Natal, Madagascar Kenya
Maximum size: 80 mm

Conus textile f. cholmondeleyi Melvill 1900...69 mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)
Conus textile f. cholmondeleyi Melvill 1900...63 mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)
Conus textile f. cholmondeleyi Melvill 1900...57 mm....Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)


Conus textile f. cholmondeleyi f. eumitus Tomlin 1926   (Image from Eddie Hardy's Site)
- A "sub-form" (a more solid and broader sympatric variant with 3 spiral colour bands) of cholmondeleyi Melvill. Linnaeus, who invented the binomial system to simplify things, would NOT approve - yet in this case it would appear to be a perfectly legitimate quatranomial, since the variant in question is easily and consistantly differentiated from its "parent form", although admittedly, intergrades do occur!! (Mayhew)

Distribution: South Africa to Mozambique
Maximum size: 80 mm


Conus textile f. concatenatus Kiener 1845   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Form with a very reduced reticulated pattern. Often called f. scriptus Sowerby III, 1858

Distribution: Madagascar; Indo-Pacific
Maximum size: 60 mm

Conus textile f. concatenatus Kiener 1845...66.5mm ...Madagascar   (Image Schooner)
Conus textile f. concatenatus Kiener 1845   A specimen with an almost invisible golden pattern  (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus textile f. corbula Sowerby 1858 - Holotype. (Image courtesy of Alan Kohn)
- A form similar to archiepiscopus Hwass

Distribution: E. Africa
Maximum size: 70 mm


Conus textile f. dahlakensis da Motta 1982   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- A form intergrading between textile and neovicarius.

Distribution: Red Sea; Gulf of Aqaba
Maximum size: 87 mm


Conus textile f. eumitus Tomlin   (Image Korinna Sangiouloglou)
- A "sub-form" of cholmondeleyi (see there).


Conus textile f. euetrios Sowerby III 1882   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A form with broad shell and a pattern close to that of form archiepiscopus; last whorl ventricosely conical to ovate.

Distribution: E. & S.E. Africa
Maximum size: 90 mm

Conus textile f. euetrios Sowerby III 1882...33.5 - 37mm...Small bluish clouded and "textile" banded...Réunion  (Image Schooner)
Conus textile f. euetrios Sowerby III 1882   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)


Conus textile f. neovicarius da Motta 1982   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A solid form from the Red Sea last whorl ventricosely conical; typical textile pattern.

Distribution: Red Sea Gulf of Aden
Maximum size: 100 mm

Conus textile f. neovicarius da Motta 1982...50mm...   (Image Schooner)
Conus textile f. neovicarius da Motta 1982...44mm...   (Image Schooner)


Conus textile f. panniculus Lamarck 1810   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A form.

Distribution: E. Indies - Tahiti
Maximum size: 60 mm

Conus textile f. panniculus Lamarck 1810...37.5 mm...Marquesas   (Image Schooner)


Conus textile f. pyramidalis Lamarck 1810   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A form from Kenya and Madagascar; last whorl narrow and conoid-cylindrical to ventricosal conical spire relatively high.

Distribution: Tanzania, Zanzibar, Madagascar

Conus textile f. pyramidalis Lamarck 1810...81 mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)
Conus textile f. pyramidalis Lamarck 1810    (Image from Eddie Hardy's site)


Conus textile f. scriptus Sowerby II 1858
- A light local form with spiral colour bands reduced to rows of spots and flecks; rather whitish; last whorl ventricosely conical to conoid-cylindrical.

Distribution: St. Brandon
Maximum size: 61 mm



Conus textile f. sirventi Fenaux 1943   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A form with a reduced orange pattern; last whorl ventricosal conical.

Distribution: Madagascar

Conus textile f. sirventi Fenaux 1943   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)


Conus textile f. suzannae Van Rossum 1990   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A small colour form with reddisch brown reticulated rows on a yellowish orange ground colour; last whorl narrow, conoical-cylindrical to ventricosely conical; spire rather high.

Distribution: Kenya - Zanzibar
Maximum size: 60mm

Conus textile f. suzannae Van Rossum 1990...35 & 38mmr...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)
Conus textile f. suzannae Van Rossum 1990   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus textile f. suzannae Van Rossum 1990...33 mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)
Conus textile f. suzannae Van Rossum 1990   (Image from Eddie Hardy's Site)
Conus textile f. suzannae Van Rossum 1990...31 34 mm...Kenya   (Image Schooner)


Conus textile f. textilinus Kiener 1845   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Filmer: a local form of the Marquesas or possibly a valid species

Distribution: Marquesas
Maximum size: 51 mm

Conus textile f. textilinus Kiener 1845   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus textile f. textilinus Kiener 1845...50mm...   (Image Schooner)


Conus textile f. verriculum Reeve 1843   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A rather solid form with a ventricosely conicalor ovate last whorl.

Distribution: Mauritius, Mozambique, Madagascar, Sri Lanka
Maximum size: 68 mm

Conus textile f. verriculum Reeve 1843...78mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)



- Conus thailandis da Motta 1978 is a subspecies of Conus crocatus Lamarck 1810; See there.



Conus thalassiarchus Sowerby I 1833 - Rough Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- An amazingly variable species.

Distribution: East Indian Ocean: Phlippines
Maximum size: 111 mm

Conus thalassiarchus Sowerby 1833   (Paul Kersten)
Conus thalassiarchus Sowerby 1833   (Paul Kersten)
Conus thalassiarchus Sowerby 1833   The "azona form" (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus thalassiarchus Sowerby 1833...79 mm...Philippines    (Image Schooner)
Conus thalassiarchus Sowerby 1833 - A very dark, almost blackish specimen   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus thalassiarchus Sowerby 1833 - A dark specimen    (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus thalassiarchus Sowerby 1833   Extreme patterns   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus theodorei Petuch 2000  (Image Paul Kersten)
- According to Tucker and Filmer a synonym of Conus cardinalis Hwass 1792;
- A shell with straight sides and sharply-angled shoulder; shoulder ornamented with large rounded knobs projecting outwards from shoulder; spire low and flattened; projecting only on earliest whorls; body whorl coloured bright pink, overlaid with 2 wide, broken bands of deep orange-red, which in turn, are overlaid with scattered dark brown flammules and hairlines; pustulated spiral cords with small dots; spire whorls pink with small orange-brown flammules; protoconch dark pink.

Distribution: Bahamas
Maximum size: 43 mm

Conus theodorei Petuch 2000  (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



? Conus thevenardensis da Motta 1987   (Image Paul Kersten)
- According to Filmer a valid species; regarded by others as a subspecies of Conus reductaspiralis Walls with a pure white shell -

Distribution: W. Australia: Thevenard Island
Maximum size: 48 mm

Conus nielsenae reductaspiralis thevenardensis da Motta 1987...37-39mm...Australia    (Image Schooner)



Conus thomae Gmelin 1791 - St. Thomas Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Moluccas Indonesia and S. Philippines
Maximum size: 92 mm

Conus thomae Gmelin 1791 (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus thomae Gmelin 1791...69 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus thomae Gmelin 1791   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus tiaratus Sowerby 1833 - Tiara Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: West Mexico to Equador
Maximum size: 49.2 mm

Conus tiaratus Sowerby 1833...36mm...Galapagos   (Image Schooner)
Conus tiaratus Sowerby 1833   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)


Conus tiaratus f. roosevelti Bartsch & Rehder 1939   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A form.

Distribution : Clipperton Island



Conus tiki Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet 2008   HOLOTYPE
-Spire of moderate height, slighly concave, stepped; nodulation on first post nuclear whorls gradually developes but remains small until the last one on the body whorl; just below the sutures on spire one or two spiral grooves; shoulder carinate; outline body whorl sigmoid, with about 12-13 spiral grooves; protoconch vitreous white; teleoconch white, on spire irregular brown spots, on body whorl about 12-13 rows of brown spots towards the anterior part less numerous

Distribution: Marquesas Archipelago
Maximum size: 28 mm

Conus tiki Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet 2008    Paratype
Conus tiki Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet 2008   (Image Philippe Quiquandon)



Conus timorensis Hwass 1792 - Timor Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Mauritius to New Guinea
Maximum size: 45 mm

Conus timorensis Hwass 1792   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus tinianus Hwass 1792 - Ruddy Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: South Africa
Maximum size: 50 mm

Conus tinianus Hwass 1792  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus tinianus Hwass 1792   (Image Alexander Medvedev)
Conus tinianus Hwass 1792...50 mm...South Africa   (Image Schooner)
Conus tinianus Hwass 1792...44.5 & 37 mm...South Africa   (Image Schooner)
Conus tinianus Hwass 1792   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus tinianus f. aurora Lamarck 1810
- (lectotype image, from the Conus biodiversity website) - A sympatric colour form.


Conus tinianus f. lavendulus Bartsch, P., 1915 - Image needed!

- A sympatric colour form, presumably lavender.


Conus tinianus f. rosaceus Dillwyn 1817...38 mm...South Africa   (Image Schooner)
- A sympatric colour form.



Conus tirardi Röckel & Moolenbeek 1996  PARATYPE  (Image Bill Fenzan)
- Light shell with a multispiral protoconch; outline with a slightly convex apex and almost straight below; colour beige, with 3 spiral bands on the last whorl; base purple with spiral cords and irregular fine brown spots.

Distribution: New Caledonia, Pitcairn Is.
Maximum size: 31 mm

Conus tirardi Röckel & Moolenbeek 1996   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus (Rhizoconus) tisii (Lan 1978)   (Image from Shell Passion, Philippe Quiquandon)

Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan
Maximum size: 154 mm

Conus (Rhizoconus) tisii (Lan 1978)   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus (Rhizoconus) tisii (Lan 1978)   (Image Michel Jolivet)



- Conus tmetus Tomlin 1937 is a subspecies of Conus ochroleucus Gmelin 1791; See there.



Conus tornatus Sowerby 1833   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: East Pacific
Maximum size: 45 mm

Conus tornatus Sowerby 1833   (Image Paul Kersten)



? Conus tostesi Petuch 1986   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Shell elongate, thin fragile; spire protracted; body whorl shiny with anterior one-third covered with numerous fine spiral threads; shoulder produced but slightly rounded; colour pale violet to darker violet with three wide bands of reddish-brown, overlaid by 10-14 rows of brown dots; spire with numerous flammules; Possibly a form of Conus clerii Reeve 1844 or Conus lemniscatus Reeve 1849 (acc. to Tucker); Renata Gomes concluded (2004)it to be a synonym of Conus clerii Reeve 1844

Distribution: Brazil
Maximum size: 34 mm

Conus tostesi Petuch 1986...21mm...Brazil    (Image Schooner)



Conus traillii Adams 1855   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A rather flat teleoconch which shows a distinct furrow; suture shallow; distinct transverse striae and ridges on entire body whorl; ground colour is brownish yellow, an inerrupted band of brown stripes seperates the whitish colour of the spire from the brownish body whorl-

Distribution : South China Sea, Indonesia, Philippines
Maximium size : 7 mm

Conus traillii Adams 1855   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus transkeiensis Korn 1998 is a subspecies of Conus pictus Reeve 1843; See there.



Conus tranthami Petuch 1995 - form of Conus anabathrum Crosse 1865; See there.



Conus traversianus E. A. Smith 1875   (Image from A. Kohn)
Picture of the holotype

Distribution : Gulf of Aden, Red Sea, Somalia
Maximium size : 43 mm

Conus traversianus E. A. Smith 1875   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus trencarti Nolf & Verstraeten 2008 - Trencart's Cone   (Image Frank Nolf & Johan Verstraeten)
Last whorl is ventricosely conical to ovate; shoulder rounded; outline convex at adapical half, straight or slightly concave below; spire moderately high, slightly sigmoid; sutural ramps convex with faint spiral ribs; last whorl rather smooth but marked with about ten ribs at the base; ground colour white with a pattern of light olive-brown markings forming irregular white flecks and triangulate spots throughout, mainly organised as three reticulated bands on the last whorl, one at the shoulder, a second on the higher part and a third one at about mid body; lighter zones are clearly visible in the brown to bluish aperture.

Distribution: Dakar area, Senegal
Maximum size: 27mm

Conus trencarti Nolf & Verstraeten 2008 - Trencart's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus trencarti Nolf & Verstraeten 2008 - Trencart's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus tribblei Walls 1977 - Tribble's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Taiwan to Phillipines, N.W. Australia, Solomons
Maximum size: 120 mm

Conus tribblei Walls 1977...72 mm...   (Image Schooner)
Conus tribblei Walls 1977...67 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus tribblei Walls 1977...67 mm..India   (Image Schooner)
Conus tribblei Walls 1977...65 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus tribblei Walls 1977...Granulated form  (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus tribblei queenslandis da Motta 1984   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A subspecies; very big; ground colour white often suffused with cream; cream to orangish brown colour bands.

Distribution: Queensland Australia, New Caledonia
Maximum size: 138 mm

Conus tribblei queenslandis da Motta 1984   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus tribblei queenslandis da Motta 1984...92 mm......Australia    (Image Schooner)
Conus tribblei queenslandis da Motta 1984....89 mm...Australia    (Image Schooner)
Conus tribblei queenslandis da Motta 1984 ...88 mm..Australia    (Image Schooner)



Conus trigonus Reeve 1848 - Trigonal Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Australia
Maximum size: 92 mm


Conus trigonus f. adami Wils 1988   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A form; lighter than typical form; shoulder carinate and outwardly curved; spire very low; dark areas variably reduced central ground-colour band often edged with brown flecks.


Distribution
: Arafura Sea; Gulf of Carpentaria (Australia)
Maximum size: 80 mm

Conus trigonus f. adami Wils 1988   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus tristensis Petuch 1987
A synonym of Conus armiger Crosse 1858 or of Conus cancellatus Hwass 1792 according to Filmer



Conus trochulus Reeve 1844   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Boavista Island, Cape Verde
Normal size: 35 mm

Conus trochulus Reeve 1844  (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus trochulus Reeve 1844...39 mm...Cape Verde   (Image Schooner)
Conus trochulus Reeve 1844...34 mm...Cape Verde   (Image Schooner)



Conus troendli Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet 2008    HOLOTYPE
- Last whorl ventricosely conical; shoulder carinate, spire low, straight, more concave to the protoconch; colour protoconch white with irregular brown markings; some brown spots continue just below the shoulder; body whorl yellow-brown with a band of light blotches just below the middle

Distribution: Marqueasas Archipelago
Normal size: 19,5 mm

Conus troendli Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet 2008



Conus tropicensis Coomans & Filmer 1985 - form of Conus lischkeanus Weinkauff 1875; See there.



Conus trovaoi Rolán & Röckel 2000 - Trovao's Cone - Holotype-  (Image Manuel Tenorio)

Distribution: Angola
Normal size : 43,10 mm

Conus trovaoi Rolán & Röckel 2000   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus trovaoi Rolán & Röckel 2000   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus trovaoi Rolán & Röckel 2000   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus trovaoi Rolán & Röckel 2000    A specimen with an aberrant pattern   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus trovaoi Rolán & Röckel 2000   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus tuberculosus Tomlin 1937   (Image Bill Fenzan)

Distribution: Sagami Bay, Japan
Maximum size: 30 mm

Conus tuberculosus Tomlin 1937   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus tuberculosus Tomlin 1937   (Image C & S Shell Cabinet)



Conus tulipa Linnaeus 1758 - Tulip Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Mozambique to Somalia to Marshall Is. and French Polynesia
Maximum size: 95.1 mm

Conus tulipa Linnaeus 1758   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus tulipa Linnaeus 1758...69 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus tulipa Linnaeus 1758...51 & 53 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus tulipa Linnaeus 1758   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus turschi da Motta 1985 - A form of Conus consors Sowerby 1833; See there.



Conus tuticorinensis Röckel & Korn 1990    (Image Paul Kersten)
- A valid species or possibly a subspecies of Conus melvilli Sowerby 1879; Filmer regards it as a valid species

Distribution: S.E. India
Maximum size: 30 mm

See also: http://www.gastropods.com/0/Shell_4960.html

Conus tuticorinensis Röckel & Korn 1990    (Image Alexander Medvedev)



? Conus (Leptoconus) typhon Kilburn 1975 - Typhon Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Some authors consider it as a form of Conus nielsenae Marsh 1962;

Distribution: East Africa
Maximum size: 49 mm

Conus typhon Kilburn 1975 (Image Paul Kersten)

See also: http://pw1.netcom.com/~ejpower/sacone/conepgsa5.htm



(Conus undatus Kiener 1845) - synonym of Conus lorenzianus Dillwyn 1817 (a subspecies of Conus spurius Gmelin 1791; See there).



Conus unifasciatus Kiener 1845   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Senegal
Maximum size: 45mm

Conus unifasciatus Kiener 1845    (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus unifasciatus Kiener 1845...29 to 34mm...Senegal   (Image Schooner)
Conus unifasciatus Kiener 1845...26 to 32mm...Senegal   (Image Schooner)
Conus unifasciatus Kiener 1845...25.5 mm...Senegal    (Image Schooner)
Conus unifasciatus Kiener 1845   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



?? Conus urashimanus Kuroda & Ito 1961 - A form or subspecies of Conus recluzianus Bernardi 1853 or possibly a Japanese form of Conus gloriakiiensis Kuroda & Ito 1961 (a synonym of Conus roseorapum Raybaudi & da Motta 1990; See recluzianus Bernardi forms).



Conus ustickei Miller in Nowell-Usticke 1959 - relatively weak form of Conus attenuatus Reeve 1844; See there.



Conus variegatus Kiener 1845 - Variable Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Angola
Maximum size: 40 mm



Conus varius Linnaeus 1758   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: E. Africa to Philippines to Fiji to Solomon Islands
Maximum size: 68,6 mm

Conus varius Linnaeus 1758   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus varius Linnaeus 1758....35 to 42mm...Solomon Islands   (Image Schooner)
Conus varius Linnaeus 1758...30 to 33 mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)
Conus varius Linnaeus 1758...29mm....Philippines...    (Image Schooner)
Conus varius Linnaeus 1758   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus vaubani Röckel & Moolenbeek 1995   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- Small, narrowly conical; spire moderate high; shoulder angulate; last whorl conical, attenuated near base; fine axial ribs on the base, fine spirals striae up to shoulder; ground colour white with light brown axial sreaks from base to the last spire whorl; a few irregular brown spots on the spire.

Distribution: New Caledonia
Maximum size: 25.8 mm

Conus vaubani Röckel & Moolenbeek 1995   (Image Eric Monnier)
See also:
http://www.gastropods.com/7/Shell_14657.html



Conus vautieri Kiener 1845 - subspecies of Conus pulicarius Hwass 1792; See there.



Conus vayssetianus Crosse 1872 - A rather weak form of Conus exiguus Lamarck 1810; See there.



??? Conus vayssierei Pallary 1906   (Image Paul Kersten) - Considered by many, to be a colour form of Conus ventricosus Gmelin 1791.

Distribution : Lampedusa Island, Italy
Normal size: About 30 mm



?Conus velaensis Petuch 1992   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Shell elongated; shoulder sharply angled; spire low; aperture narrow; body whorl shiny. polished, ornamented with 8 very widely-spaced spiral cord; anterior tip encircled by 12 spiral cords; shell colour bright orange overlaid with widely-spaced white longitudinal flammules, often in a zigzag pattern; edge of the shoulder bordered by a very thin white band; spire orange with numerous flammules; anterior tip white; protoconch and early whorls pale orange-tan; aperture white.

Distribution: Caribbean: Colombia
Maximum size: 31 mm

?Conus velaensis Petuch 1992



Conus venezuelanus Petuch 1987   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- According to Filmer a synonym a valid species or possibly a synonym of Conus cancellatus Hwass, 1792
- According to Tucker a synonym of Conus stimpsoni Dall 1902
- Elongated shell, tapered with sharp-angled shoulder; body whorl heavily sculptured with numerous fine spiral threads; colour white to pale salmon-pink with 2 bands of dark yellow maculations around mid-body; spire marked with scattered small brown flammules; aperture white.

Distribution: Venezuela
Maximum size: 27 mm



Conus ventricosus Gmelin 1791 - Mediterranean Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- EXTREMELY variable species, and the only cone in the Mediterranean Sea!! It has accumulated hundreds of synonyms over the years, few of which are of any particular interest.

(Conus mediterraneus Hwass, 1792) - A junior synonym of Conus ventricosus Gmelin 1791.

(Conus franciscanus Hwass 1792) - Most likely one of the zillions of synonyms of Conus ventricosus Gmelin 1791, from NW Africa... Sometimes considered a synonym or form of Conus guinaicus Hwass 1792.

Distribution: Mediterranean Sea and NW. Africa
Maximum size: 65 mm

Conus ventricosus Gmelin 1791   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus ventricosus Gmelin 1791   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus ventricosus Gmelin 1791   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus ventricosus Gmelin 1791   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus venulatus Hwass 1792 - Cape Verde Cone  (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Boavista Island and Maio Island, Cape Verde Islands
Maximum size: 55 mm

Conus venulatus Hwass 1792  Brown blotched  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus venulatus Hwass 1792  Light coloured specimen  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus venulatus Hwass 1792   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus venulatus Hwass 1792...35 to 38 mm...Cape Verde   (Image Schooner)
Conus venulatus Hwass 1792...35 to 38 mm...Cape Verde   (Image Schooner)
Conus venulatus Hwass 1792...29 to 37mm...Cape Verde   (Image Schooner)
Conus venulatus Hwass 1792...29 to 33 mm...Cape Verde   (Image Schooner)
Conus venulatus Hwass 1792...27 to 29 mm...Cape Verde   (Image Schooner).


(Conus venulatus f. nivifer "Broderip, W.J." Sowerby, G.B. I in G.B. II Sowerby, 1833) - renamed as a full species: Conus pseudonivifer Monteiro, Tenorio & Poppe 2004.



Conus verdensis Trovão 1979   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Santiago Island, Cape Verde
Maximum size: 22 mm

Conus verdensis Trovão 1979   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus verdensis furnae Rolán 1990  Holotype   (Image Manuel Tenorio)
- Subspecies; with axial elongated white blotches and more frequent white blotches on the spire whorls.

Distribution : Brava Island, Cape Verde
Normal size : About 20 mm

Conus verdensis furnae Rolán 1990   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus vexillum Gmelin 1791 - Flag Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Natal to Hawaii and French Polynesia, Japan to Australia
Maximum size: 163.5 mm

Conus vexillum Gmelin 1791  Yellow specimen (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus vexillum Gmelin 1791...120 mm Philippines    (Image Schooner)
Conus vexillum Gmelin 1791...98 & 99mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus vexillum Gmelin 1791...90 mm....Zanzibar    (Image Schooner)
Conus vexillum Gmelin 1791...66 mm...Philippines    (Image Schooner)
Conus vexillum Gmelin 1791...56 mm...Zanzibar    (Image Schooner)
Conus vexillum Gmelin 1791   (Image Michel Jolivet)


Conus vexillum f. sumatrensis Hwass 1792    (Image Paul Kersten)
- A colour form with a different range; last whorl with blackish brown axial streaks and flames with less densely spaced axial lines, spiral colour zones lighter brown than in the nominate; white bands always distinct; base white to tan, covered with little brown dots.

Distribution: Red Sea; N.W. Indian Ocean
Maximum size: 115 mm

Conus vexillum sumatrensis Hwass 1792   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus vexillum sumatrensis Hwass 1792   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus victor Broderip 1842 - Form of Conus nobilis Hwass 1758; See there.



Conus victoriae Reeve 1843 - Queen Victoria Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Australia: Northern Territory to N.W. Cape
Maximum size: 70 mm

Conus victoriae Reeve 1843   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus victoriae Reeve 1843   (Image Paul Kersten) Albino
Conus victoriae Reeve 1843   (Image Paul Kersten) Black specimen
Conus victoriae Reeve 1843...59mm...Australia   (Image Schooner)
Conus victoriae Reeve 1843...52 mm...Australia    (Image Schooner)
Conus victoriae Reeve 1843...49 mm....W.Australia   (Image Schooner)
Conus victoriae Reeve 1843...41 to 50 mm...Australia   (Image Schooner)
Conus victoriae Reeve 1843   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)


Conus victoriae f. complanatus Sowerby 1866   (From Eddy Hardy's Site)
- The first four images only. The fifth is the nominate form. A form with a rather broad last whorl and a fine reticulate pattern; low spire.


Conus victoriae nodulosus Sowerby II 1864   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Now considered a full species; See main entry.



Conus vicweei Old 1973 - Vic Wee's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Andaman Sea from Burma to Strait of Malacca
Maximum size: 81 mm

Conus vicweei Old 1973   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus vicweei Old 1973    (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus vicweei Old 1973...70.5 mm...Thailand. (Image Schooner)



Conus vidua Reeve 1843 - A form of Conus bandanus Hwass 1792; See there;



? Conus vikingorum Petuch 1993 - Viking Cone   (Image Dream Shells)
- A member of the "daucus Hwass 1792 complex". Similar to Conus boui Da Motta 1988 but more slender more angled shoulder and less striking patterned; less pyriform than Conus goajira Petuch 1992; generally smaller than Conus riosi Petuch 1986, which is also usually found in Brazil. Admittedly, this closely-related group of taxa are a nightmare!!

Distribution: Columbia
Maximum size: 47 mm

? Conus vikingorum Petuch 1993 - Viking Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
? Conus vikingorum Petuch 1993 - Viking Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus villepinii Fischer & Bernardi 1857 - Villepin's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Slender conewith a high concave spire, stepped; tapering to a narrow base; straight sided to slightly convave; sculpture with spiral cords with about 10 grooved basal spirals; colour ivory white, usually with 2 bands of irregular brown flammules on the upper part of the shell

Distribution: Florida to Brazil
Maximum size: 74 mm

Conus villepinii Fischer & Bernardi 1857...67 mm...Brazil   (Image Schooner)
Conus villepinii Fischer & Bernardi 1857...62 mm...Brazil   (Image Schooner)
Conus villepinii Fischer & Bernardi 1857...61 to 64 mm...Brazil   (Image Schooner)
Conus villepinii Fischer & Bernardi 1857...56 to 57 mm...Brazil   (Image Schooner)


? Conus villepinii f. fosteri Clench & Aguayo 1942   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
- Perhaps a subspecies, but given its range, probably not..

Distribution: W. Florida USA - S. Brazil
Maximum size: 62 mm



Conus vimineus Reeve 1849 - Wickerwork Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: S. Red Sea Seychelles S. India Sri Lanka W. Thailand and Philippines
Maximum size: 70 mm

Conus vimineus Reeve 1849   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus viola Cernohorsky 1977   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Larval shell orangish to purple red.

Distribution: N. & N.W. Australia, Philippines to New Guinea and Solomon Is., W. Thailand
Maximum size: 60 mm

Conus viola Cernohorsky 1977   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus (leptoconus) viola f. blatteus Shikama 1979   (Image from Eddie Hardy' Site)
- A form; ground colour reddish purple; last whorl with 3 spiral rows of brown blotches; dotted dashed brown spiral lines from base to shoulder, often reduced; larval shell pale yellow to beige.

Distribution: Taiwan to Philippines
Maximum size: 48 mm



Conus violaceus Gmelin 1791 - Violet Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indian Ocean: E. Africa Madagascar Mascarenes and Seychelles
Maximum size: 80 mm

Conus violaceus Gmelin 1791    (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus violaceus Gmelin 1791...56 mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)
Conus violaceus Gmelin 1791...56 mm...Zanzibar    (Image Schooner)
Conus violaceus Gmelin 1791...51 mm...Zanzibar    (Image Schooner)
Conus violaceus Gmelin 1791...40 mm...Zanzibar    (Image Schooner)



Conus virgatus Reeve 1849 - Virgate Panama Cone  (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: East Pacific
Maximum size: 75 mm

Conus virgatus Reeve 1849    (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus virgatus Reeve 1849  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus virgatus Reeve 1849...60 mm...Bahamas   (Image Schooner)
Conus virgatus Reeve 1849...59 to 62 mm...Panama   (Image Schooner)
Conus virgatus Reeve 1849...48 to 53 mm...Panama   (Image Schooner)

,p.

Conus virgo Linnaeus 1758 - Virgin Cone  (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indo-Pacific
Maximum size: 151.6 mm

Conus virgo Linnaeus 1758   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus virgo Linnaeus 1758   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus virgo Linnaeus 1758...113 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus virgo Linnaeus 1758...90 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)
Conus virgo Linnaeus 1758...80 mm...Philippines   (Image Schooner)



Conus visagenus Kilburn 1974   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution : South Africa
Maximum size : 32.2 mm

See also:  http://pw1.netcom.com/~ejpower/sacone/conepgsa6.htm



Conus visseri Delsaerdt, 1990   (Image Alan Kohn)
- found in the Phuket area of W. Thailand, there is debate whether this is just a juvenile form of Conus coffeae Gmelin 1791; according to Tucker a synonym of Conus traillii A. Adams 1855



Conus vittatus Hwass 1792 - Ribboned Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: East Pacific
Maximum size: 45 mm

Conus vittatus Hwass 1792   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus vittatus Hwass 1792...41 mm...Panama   (Image Schooner)
Conus vittatus Hwass 1792...32 to 36 mm...Panama    (Image Schooner)
Conus vittatus Hwass 1792...32 mm...Panama   (Image Schooner)
Conus vittatus Hwass 1792...32 mm...Panama   (Image Schooner)
Conus vittatus Hwass 1792...27 mm...Panama   . (Image Schooner)
Conus vittatus Hwass 1792   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus vitulinus Hwass 1792 - A form of Conus planorbis Born 1778; See there.



Conus voluminalis Reeve 1843   (Image Paul Kersten)

(Conus filicinctus Schepman 1913) - A synonym: based on a worn juvenile specimen.

Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Maldives to W. Australia, Ryukyus, Taiwan to Solomon Is., New Guinea
Maximum size: 80 mm

Conus voluminalis Reeve 1843   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus voluminalis Reeve 1843   banded macarae form from the Philippines  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus voluminalis Reeve 1843   macarae form from the Philippines.  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus voluminalis Reeve 1843   An almost patternless form from Australia   (Image Schooner)


? Conus voluminalis f. macarae Bernardi 1857   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A colour form unsure it is distinct: must be considered "weak".

Distribution: E. Indian Ocean W. Pacific
Maximum size: 80 mm

Conus voluminalis macarae Bernardi 1857   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus vulcanus Tenorio & Afonso 2004  - holotype - (Image Manuel Tenorio)
- Last whorl conical to ventricosely conical; with a low to moderate spire; shoulder rounded; last whorl straight or most often convex; last whorl smooth with variably spaced fine spiral ribs in the basal part; very dark brown colour, sometimes almost black; very dark spiral lines are usually visible; white spiral band around the middle covered by a dark brown reticulated pattern; between shoulder and midbody often a fine reticulated pattern of white dots sometimes lackingon the shoulder often a fine spiral band of a lighter brown colour; just above the shoulder irregular dark brown blotches on white; aperture white.

Distribution : Boavista Island, Cape Verde Archipelago
Maximum size : 31 mm

Conus vulcanus Tenorio & Afonso 2004   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus vulcanus Tenorio & Afonso 2004   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus vulcanus Tenorio & Afonso 2004   (Image Paul Kersten)


Conus (Conasprella) wakayamaensis (Kuroda 1956)   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Japan, Taiwan, Philippines, S. Africa
Maximum size: 32 mm


Conus wakayamaensis f. nereis Petuch 1979   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A colour form.

Distribution: Philippines
Maximum size: 27 mm

Conus wakayamaensis f. nereis Petuch 1979   A specimen with a different pattern (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus (Lilliconus) wallacei (Lorenz & Morrison 2004) - Wallace's Cone
- Smooth teleoconch sutural ramps are convex and the suture is deep; blue coloured, no band, numerous fine brown lines with white intermediate specks.

- According to Moolenbeek a synonym of Conus traillii A. Adams, 1855 (Vita Malacologica 6)

Distribution: South China Sea Indonesia
Maximum size: 11 mm



Conus wallangra Garrard 1961 - Wallangra Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: New South Wales to Queensland Australia
Maximum size: 40 mm

Conus wallangra (Garrard 1961)   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus wilsi Delsaerdt 1998 (Images from the original description)
- Last whorl smooth with straight sides; conical; spire almost flat; shoulder angulate; colour of the last whorl (violet) white with a pattern of brown spots; central white band edged a spiral row of brown spots or flammules.

Distribution: Red Sea
Maximum size: 30 mm



(Conus wistaria Shikama 1970) - synonym of Conus fulmen Reeve 1843; See there.



Conus wittigi Walls 1977 - Wittig's Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Sunda Isl. & Timor Flores Indonesia
Maximum size: 41 mm

Conus wittigi Walls 1977   The kongaensis form from Konga Island  (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus wittigi Walls 1977...36 mm...Indonesia    (Image Schooner)
Conus wittigi Walls 1977...32-35 mm...Indonesia    (Image Schooner)
Conus wittigi Walls 1977...32 mm...Indonesia   (Image Schooner)


Conus wittigi f. kongaensis Da Motta 1984   (Image Paul Kersten)
- A weak form, based upon pattern - not really different enough in such a variably-patterned species.

Distribution: Konga Island, Indonesia
Maximum size: 42 mm

Conus wittigi kongaensis Da Motta, A.J. da, 1984.



? Conus (Dauciconus) worki (Petuch 1998)   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Described as a valid species and still considered by some to be such. Member of the "daucus Hwass complex"; smooth, glossy shell; regarded by most authors as a form of Conus daucus Hwass 1792; regarded by Filmer as a valisd species
- spire flattened; early whorls and protoconch pale orange; base colour yellow-orange or orange-pink with a distinct thin white or pale orange mid-body band; band overlaid with large brown flammules and rows of large brown dots; regarded by Renata Gomes as valid (thesis 2004)

Distribution: Brazil
Maximum size: 70,5 mm

Conus worki (Petuch 1998)   (Images from Eddie Hardy's Site)

See also: http://www.conchasbrasil.org.br/conquiliologia/descricao.asp?id=12



Conus xanthicus Dall 1910 - Guaymas Cone  (Image from the LACM collection, picture taken by J. Tucker)

Distribution: Mexico Guaymas, Galapagos?
Maximum size: 50 mm

Conus xanthicus Dall 1910 - Guaymas Cone
(Image from the LACM collection, picture taken by J. Tucker)
Conus xanthicus Dall 1910 - Guaymas Cone
(Image from the LACM collection, picture taken by J. Tucker)
Conus xanthicus Dall 1910   (Image C & S Shell Cabinet)



? Conus xanthocinctus Petuch 1980   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Described as a valid species and considered by most as such still. According to Tucker a synonym of Conus cingulatus Lamarck 1810: According to Filmer a synonym of Conus clenchi Martins 1943 which is a synonym of Conus lemniscatus Reeve 1849; elongate, slender, thin and fragile, smooth shiny body whorl, bright golden-yellow coloured with three orange yellow bands, on just below the shoulder, one around the mid-body and one around the anterior end, sipral rows of brown dashes and scattered with flammules; according to Renata Gomes (thesis 2004) a synonym of Conus clenchi Martins 1943 which is in her opinion a valid species

Distribution: Brazil
Maximum size: 47 mm



Conus xicoi Röckel 1987   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Angola
Maximum size: 30 mm

Conus xicoi Röckel 1987 (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus xicoi Röckel 1987 (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus xicoi Röckel 1987 (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus ximenes Gray 1839 - Interrupted Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: East Pacific
Maximum size: 61 mm

Conus ximenes Gray 1839    (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)
Conus ximenes Gray 1839...46mm...Intriguing pair with similar patterns but two very different shapes...Mexico.  (Image Schooner)
Conus ximenes Gray 1839...44mm....Mexico   (Image Schooner)
Conus ximenes Gray 1839...29 to 44mm...Mexico   (Image Schooner)


Conus ximenes f. mahogani Reeve 1843   (Image Paul Kersten)
- Regarded by Filmer and J. Tucker (Pers. Comm. (Kersten)) as a valid species; See main entry.

Distribution: Galapagos Islands, W. Panama, Pacific Colombia
Maximum size: 48 mm

Conus ximenes f. mahogani Reeve 1843   (Image Paul Kersten)



?? Conus yemenensis Bondarev 1997
- A valid species or a form of Conus inscriptus G. Raybaudi Massilia & Rolán 1997   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Gulf of Aden Yemen

Conus yemenensis Bondarev 1997   (Image Giancarlo Paganelli)



?? Conus zapatosensis Röckel 1987 - Zapatos Isl. Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)
- There is much confusion about the ID of zapatosensis/ blanfordianus

Distribution: Zapatos Isl., Philippines
Maximum size: 48 mm

Conus zapatosensis Röckel 1987  (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)

- There are doubts about the ID of the cones that are pictured. Maybe one of the forms of Conus blanfordianus Crosse 1867.



Conus zebra Delsaerdt 1992   (Image Paul Kersten)

(Conus nahoniaraensis Da Motta 1986) -Probably a synonym. The species is extremely variable and this taxa is sympatric with the nominatie form and not distinctive enough to be considered a "valid" form

Distribution : Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Philippines
Maximum size : 29.3 mm

Conus zebra Delsaerdt 1992   (Image Paul Kersten)
Conus zebra Delsaerdt 1992   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus zebroides Lamarck 1810   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution : Angola
Maximum size : 40 mm

Conus zebroides Lamarck 1810   (Image Paul Kersten)



Conus zeylanicus Gmelin 1791 - Obese Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indian Ocean: E. Africa to Indonesia
Maximum size: 75.7 mm

Conus zeylanicus Gmelin 1791...59 mm...Zanzibar    (Image Schooner)
Conus zeylanicus Gmelin 1791...58 mm...Zanzibar    (Image Schooner)
Conus zeylanicus Gmelin 1791...52mm...Zanzibar   (Image Schooner)
Conus zeylanicus Gmelin 1791...50 mm...Zanzibar.  (Image Schooner)
Conus zeylanicus Gmelin 1791...47 to 50 mm...India   (Image Schooner)



?? Conus ziczac Mühlfeld 1816
(Specimen from the Naturhistorisches Museum Vienna taken by Alan Kohn; image sent by J. Tucker Illinois Natural History Survey) 

- J. Tucker (Pers. Comm).: nomenclatural change is needed: he claims that Conus beddomei (and Conus mauricioi ? PK), Conus couderti, Conus archetypus and Conus brasiliensis are all forms of the same species, and should be renamed using the earliest name: Conus ziczac; See entries for these taxa for photos.... certainly this group needs more work!!

Distribution: West Atlantic Ocean



Conus zonatus Hwass 1792 - Zoned Cone   (Image Paul Kersten)

Distribution: Indian Ocean: Seychelles to Bali
Maximum size: 84 mm



Conus zonatus Hwass 1792...52 mm...Thailand    (Image Schooner)
Conus zonatus Hwass 1792...50 mm...Maldives    (Image Schooner)
Conus zonatus Hwass 1792 ...45 mm....Maldives   (Image Schooner)
Conus zonatus Hwass 1792   (Image from Gene Mallory's Site)



Conus zulu Petuch 1979 - form of Conus betulinus Linnaeus 1758; See there.



??Conus (Magelliconus) zylmanae (Petuch 1998)   Holotype  (Image from the University of Florida; cat. nr. 267864)
- According to Tucker a synonym of Conus cardinalis Hwass 1792
- Slightly pyriform shell with a silky texture; some specimens with 12-14 widely spaced rows of very small beads; spire raised, angled, shoulder heavily coronated with 16-18 knobs per whorl; shell and spire uniformly khaki-green; spire coronation paler khaki-green; body whorl with irregulat scattered small white patches; mostly around mid-body; protoconch and early whorls bright red-purple; aperture deep blue-purple -

Distribution: Bahamas
Maximum size: 14 mm

Conus (Magelliconus) zylmanae (Petuch 1998) (Image from Bill Fenzan)





abbas Hwass to cylindraceus Broderip & Sowerby
dalli Stearns to lizarum Raybaudi & Da Motta
locumtenens Blumenbach to rizali Olivera & Biggs
roberti Richard to zylmanae Petuch - This Page



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Cone Checklist Web Page design and formatting by  Ross Mayhew and LaVerne Lambert

Taxonomic work mostly by Paul Kersten, with some input by Ross Mayhew, and contributions and comments submitted by many kind malacologists and conchologists!